Cataracts are a common eye condition where the natural lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to a gradual decline in vision quality. The lens is normally clear and focuses light onto the retina, which allows for sharp, detailed vision. When a cataract forms, it interferes with this process, causing the vision to appear blurry, dim, or distorted.

Causes of Cataracts:

1. Aging: The most common cause, as proteins in the lens begin to break down and clump together over time.

2. Trauma: An eye injury can lead to cataract formation.

3. Medications: Long-term use of steroids and other medications can contribute to cataract development.Medical Conditions: Conditions like diabetes and certain metabolic disorders can accelerate cataract formation.

4. Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and prolonged exposure to sunlight can also increase the risk.

   Symptoms of Cataracts:

   Blurred or cloudy vision, difficulty seeing at night or in low light conditions, sensitivity to light and glare, seeing halos around lights, colors appearing faded or yellowed, and frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens prescription.

   Treatment:

   The only effective treatment for cataracts is cataract surgery, which is a safe and common procedure. Cataract surgery is typically performed on an outpatient basis, meaning you can go home the same day. This procedure not only restores clear vision but can also correct refractive errors, potentially reducing the need for glasses or contact lenses. During cataract surgery the cloudy lens is removed and is replaced with a clear artificial intraocular lens (IOL).